Mitochondrial regulation of cell death.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Although required for life, paradoxically, mitochondria are often essential for initiating apoptotic cell death. Mitochondria regulate caspase activation and cell death through an event termed mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP); this leads to the release of various mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins that activate caspases, resulting in apoptosis. MOMP is often considered a point of no return because it typically leads to cell death, even in the absence of caspase activity. Because of this pivotal role in deciding cell fate, deregulation of MOMP impacts on many diseases and represents a fruitful site for therapeutic intervention. Here we discuss the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial permeabilization and how this key event leads to cell death through caspase-dependent and -independent means. We then proceed to explore how the release of mitochondrial proteins may be regulated following MOMP. Finally, we discuss mechanisms that enable cells sometimes to survive MOMP, allowing them, in essence, to return from the point of no return.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 on a Cellular Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Emphasis on Cell Viability and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
Background and Objective: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which is associated with extracellular accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques. AD is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism reduction. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endogenous polypeptide which its beneficial effects have been demonstrated on mitochondrial function, energy m...
متن کاملHeavy Metal Induced Cell Necrosis: Involves Apoptosis Death Signals Initiated by Mitochondrial Injury
Introduction: Severe industrial diseases result from the hepatic accumulation of mercury, cadmium or chromium in humans and on the other hand cadmium and dichromate and mercuric salts may induce lung or kidney cancer. Acute or chronic CdCl2, HgCl2 or dichromate administration induces hepatic and nephrotoxicity in rodents. Oxidative stress is often cited as a possible cause of metal induced cell...
متن کاملAnticancer Activity a of Caspian Cobra (Naja naja oxiana) snake Venom in Human Cancer Cell Lines Via Induction of Apoptosis
Abstract Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Current anticancer drugs involve various toxic side effects; efforts are ongoing to develop new anticancer agents especially from the screening of natural compounds. Present study investigated cytotoxic effects and mode of cell death induced by the Caspian cobra venom in some human cancer cell lines. Cytotoxic effects of snake venom toxin...
متن کاملAnticancer Activity a of Caspian Cobra (Naja naja oxiana) snake Venom in Human Cancer Cell Lines Via Induction of Apoptosis
Abstract Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Current anticancer drugs involve various toxic side effects; efforts are ongoing to develop new anticancer agents especially from the screening of natural compounds. Present study investigated cytotoxic effects and mode of cell death induced by the Caspian cobra venom in some human cancer cell lines. Cytotoxic effects of snake venom toxin...
متن کاملCuO nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human K562 cancer cell line via mitochondrial pathway, through reactive oxygen species and P53
Objective(s): This study focused on determining cytotoxic effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cell line in a cell-specific manner and its possible mechanism of cell death. We investigated the cytotoxicity of CuO NPs against K562 cell line (cancerous cell) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (normal cell). Materials and Methods: The toxicity w...
متن کاملDifferent Cytotoxic Effects of Caper from Different Geographical Regions May Be Related to Changes in Mitochondrial Sirt3
Background and objectives: Beside its nutritional role, caper (Capparis spinosa) has long been used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer remedy. In the present study, we tested whether this plant can make effective changes in Sirt3 and mitochondrial function in colorectal carcinoma cell line since mitochondrial dysfunction has long been imp...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology
دوره 5 9 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013